NAME Hypoxylonites pulvinatus
AGE (Sheffy & Dilcher) Middle Eocene; (Ediger & Alisan): Middle?-Late Eocene to Late Oligocene, Miocene-Pliocene.   AGE span: 48.6...2.588 mya
K&J CLASSIFICATION (2000) Fungi Imperfecti, Amerosporae.
FIGURE(S)
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Pl.4fig.30.jpg
FIGURE REFERENCE Sheffy MV, Dilcher DL. 1971. Morphology and taxonomy of fungal spores; Palaeontographica, Abt. B, v. 133 p. 34-51.
SPECIES, AUTHORITY H. pulvinatus (Sheffy & Dilcher) Elsik 1990a, p. 155.
LOCATION (Sheffy & Dilcher) Puryear clay pit, one-half mile south of Puryear, Henry County, Tennessee, USA.; (Ediger & Alisan 1989): Northern Thrace Basin, Turky.
ORIG DESCRIPTION* Oblong spore rounded at terminal ends, 7.7 x 26.1 µm. Aseptate, medium pigment. Spore shows double-layered wall along one longitudinal side, 1 µm thick.

EMENDED DESCRIPTION (Ediger & Alisan, 1989, p. 154): Unicellular, aseptate, usually elliptical fungal spores. A slit-like aperture? is present along one longitudinal side forming a double-layered wall. Exine is about 1 µm thick. Size 7-14 x 14-26 µm.

(Elsik 1990a, p. 155): Aseptate, psilate fungal spores with an elongate furrow the length of the spore. Shape elongate cylindrical; outline narrowly elliptical with rounded ends. Overall size 9 x 28 µm (7.7 X 26.1 µm stated for the holotype); spore wall 0.5-1 µm. Furrow extends to the ends of the spore.
COMMENTS* (Sheffy & Dilcher): The specific name pulvinatus means cushioned, convex or rather flattened, referring to the terminal ends of the spore.

(Ediger & Alisan): The double-walled feature described by Sheffy & Dilcher (1971) is possibly related to the slit-like aperture on one side of the spore. This may be related to the saprophytic fungus Hypoxylon (Bulliard 1791) Fries 1849. These forms are also morphologically similar to ascospores belonging to the Xylariaceae described by van Geel (1978).

(Elsik): Hypoxylonites pulvinatus (Sheffy & Dilcher 1971) superficially resembles, but is much longer than, Hypoxylonites elongatus (Rouse 1962). The furrow is diagrammed, but not described as a morphologic feature, by Sheffy & Dilcher (1971); they noted a "double layered wall along one longitudinal side" which indicates the presence of the furrow.
PUBLICATION REFERENCE Sheffy MV, Dilcher DL. 1971. Morphology and taxonomy of fungal spores; Palaeontographica, Abt. B, v. 133 p. 34-51.

Ediger VS, Alisan C. 1989. Tertiary fungal and algal palynomorph biostratigraphy of the northern Thrace Basin, Turkey; Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, v. 58, p. 139-161.

Elsik WC. 1990. Hypoxylonites and Spirotremesporites, form genera for Eocene to Pleistocene fungal spores bearing a single furrow; Palaeontographica, Abt. B, v. 216, p.137-169.
K&J REMARKS
TYPE
ALL NAMES (Including synonyms) Inapertisporites pulvinatus Sheffy & Dilcher 1971, p. 40, pl. 15, fig. 18.; Hypoxylonites pulvinatus
SERIAL NUMBER 743
PUBLIC COMMENTS
 *For source, see Publication Reference.