Extensive host immune adaptation in a concentrated North American HIV epidemic
Back to previous page
| Authors: | Brumme, ZL; Kinloch, NN; Sanche, S; Wong, A; Martin, E; Cobarrubias, KD; Sandstrom, P; Levett, PN; Harrigan, PR; Joy, JB |
| Year: | 2018 |
| Journal: | Aids 32 Article Link (DOI) PubMed |
| Title: | Extensive host immune adaptation in a concentrated North American HIV epidemic |
| Abstract: | Objective: HIV incidence in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, where Indigenous persons make up 80% of those infected, are among the highest on the continent. Reports of accelerated HIV progression, associated with carriage of certain human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles (including the typically protective HLA-B*51) have also emerged from the region. Given that acquisition of HIV preadapted to host HLA negatively impacts clinical outcome, we hypothesized that HIV-host adaptation may be elevated in Saskatchewan. Design: Comparative analysis of population-level HIV sequence datasets from Saskatchewan and elsewhere in Canada/USA. Methods: We analyzed 1144 HIV subtype B Pol sequences collected in Saskatchewan between 2000 and 2016, comprising similar to 65% of cumulative provincial HIV cases, for the presence of 70 HLA-associated Pol mutations. Sequences from British Columbia (N = 6525) and elsewhere in Canada/USA (N = 6517) were used for comparison. HIV adaptation levels to 34 HLA alleles were also computed. Putative HIV transmission clusters were identified, and the prevalence of HLA-associated adaptations within and outside these clusters was investigated. Results: Analyses confirmed significantly elevated and temporally increasing levels of HIV adaptation to commonly expressed HLA alleles, in particular B*51. Notably, HLA-adapted HIV strains were significantly enriched among phylogenetic clusters in Saskatchewan. Conclusion: Extensive circulating HIV adaptation to HLA in Saskatchewan provides a plausible explanation for accelerated progression, while enrichment of adapted variants in phylogenetic clusters suggests they are being widely transmitted. Results highlight the utility of Pol sequences, routinely collected for drug resistance monitoring, for surveillance of HIV-host adaptation, and underscore the urgent need to expand HIV prevention and treatment programmes in Saskatchewan. Copyright (C) 2018 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. |
Departmental members may update their publication list.