Sedimentology, ichnology and hydrodynamics of strait-margin, sand and gravel beaches and shorefaces: Juan de Fuca Strait, British Columbia, Canada
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| Authors: | Frey, SE; Dashtgard, SE |
| Year: | 2011 |
| Journal: | Sedimentology 58: 1326-1346 Article Link (DOI) |
| Title: | Sedimentology, ichnology and hydrodynamics of strait-margin, sand and gravel beaches and shorefaces: Juan de Fuca Strait, British Columbia, Canada |
| Abstract: | On the south-west coast of Vancouver Island, Canada, sedimentological and ichnological analysis of three beach-shoreface complexes developed along a strait margin was undertaken to quantify process-response relations in straits and to develop a model for strait-margin beaches. For all three beaches, evidence of tidal processes are expressed best in the lower shoreface and offshore and, to a lesser extent, in the middle shoreface. Tidal currents are dominant offshore, below 18 m water depth (relative to the mean spring high tide), whereas wave processes dominate sediment deposition in the nearshore (intertidal zone to 5 m water depth). From 18 to 5 m water depth, tidal processes decrease in importance relative to wave processes. The relatively high tidal energy in the offshore and lower shoreface is manifest sedimentologically by the dominance of sand, of a similar grain size to the upper shoreface/intertidal zone and, by the prevalence of current-generated structures (current ripples) oriented parallel to the shoreline. In addition, the offshore and lower shoreface of strait-bound beach-shoreface complexes are recognized ichnologically by traces typical of the Skolithos Ichnofacies. This situation contrasts to the dominantly horizontal feeding traces characteristic of the Cruziana Ichnofacies that are prevalent in the lower shoreface and offshore of open-coast (wave-dominated) beach-shorefaces. These sedimentological and ichnological characteristics reflect tidal influence on sediment deposition; consequently, the term 'tide-influenced shoreface' most accurately describes these depositional environments. |
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